244.+Which+three+amendments+to+the+U.S.+Constitution+guaranteed+equal+protection+under+the+law+for+all+citizens?

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__SOL FACT:__ Q: 244. Which three amendments to the U.S. Constitution guaranteed equal protection under the law for all citizens?

A: 13th, 14th and 15th

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__Description:__


 * Amendment 13: (1865)**

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment forcrime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 1: Slavery (except as a punishment to a crime, where the person is being convicted) can exist in the United States.
 * What it means:**

Section 2: Congress may enforce this power.


 * Amendment 14: (1868)**

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state.

Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability.

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

Section 1: Everyone born in the United States automaticaly become citizens of the U.S. and the state in which they where born. No state shall make or enforce any law which will abide the priviledges of the citizens of the U.S., and no state can deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without consulting a U.S. official.
 * What it means:**

Section 2: Representatives shall be appointed among several states according to their state numbers, counting everyone in each state; except Indians. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state. You must be twenty-one to vote, and a citizen.

Section 3: No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state having previously taken an oath; as a member of Congress.

Section 4: Debt, authorised by law, including debts for payments; shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt in aid of rebellion against the United States, or the loss of a slave.

Section 5: Congress has the power to enforce, by the right legislation, this article.


 * Amendment 15: (1870)**

Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 1: The right of citizens of the United States to vote will not be denied by the U.S. or by any state for race, color, or previouse condition.
 * What it means:**

Section 2: The Congress has power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

this information was mostly taken from http://usgovinfo.about.com/blconamd.htm

__Pictures:__

http://www.ask.com This is just a simple picture of the U.S Constitution. It's realy cool because this is the actual U.S Constitution.

http://www.ask.com This picture is of James Madison writing the Constitution. I thought it was very neat because it shows the first two amendments, and his hand.

http://www.ask.com James Madison wrote the U.S Constitution. He is very important to remember! He thought all people should be treated fairly. Interesting fact: Madison was the smallest U.S. president, standing 5" 4" and weighing about 100 pounds... His first vice president, George Clinton, died in office in 1812; his second vice president, Elbridge Gerry, died in office in 1814...